Turniej Pokemon

xp075287

Global Chinese Media and Ethnicity: Discourse and municipal try technology and ideology

After the Cold War, the Chinese media has been entangled in between nationalism and globalization. Since the Tiananmen Square incident in lost political direction, the Chinese have embraced capitalism to save socialism; economic development and the bankruptcy of nationalism replaced communism as to provide a new basis for legitimacy. On the other hand, Sino-US joint strategy against the Soviet Union and the collapse of the Cold War alliance with the Tiananmen incident plausibly resist the United States to China. The mid-1990s, U.S. policy toward China has shifted several times, starting gradually changed between containment, and from attempting to travel into China into the orbit of globalization, step by step in order to promote China's depression when the deadlock of Sino-US confrontation, China is embracing capitalism, longing to join the WTO and for the right to host the Olympic Games to improve its position in the new international order, and even entered the international contradiction between nationalism and globalization is the unity of both coexistence and competition. This article aims to discuss two themes. First, they shape how the relationship between eco-China media, discourse, and ideology of the market? Second, in the Specifically, I want the two sub-themes run through the following six questions: (1) China to launch anti-American wave of media, showing a strong national pride and national identity to win the media market profits? (2) Economic reforms in China's class structure changes, the interests of different social groups intensified after China's accession to the WTO, farmers and workers will bear the brunt of bear the pain, how the media discourse concerned about their plight? (3) The group promoted by the media can compete with transnational capital? (4), media and telecommunications market Qi Wei of China open to foreign and private capital, occupation of the Chinese accession to the WTO on international capital market? (5) media and journalists in how to deal with political and ideological status quo? Development of information technology structure and ideology of media impact? (6) the knowledge of camp (liberal, old leftists and new leftists, with reformist Marxism) heated debate in the media, how they locate the Chinese nation in the world and between the spindle? First, national pride and global politics Communist China has not only the Communist Party. The party lost its revolutionary ideals, but a huge monopoly power and resources. Tired of Chinese propaganda, stereotyped Party indifference, or half with ridicule, or sham. Only by external threats to national sovereignty, the officials and the public will merge to form a highly aggressive , is full of a collective historical memory of sacrifice, xenophobia and self-pity, as if China is once again surrounded by potential enemies. No wonder the series of crises (including the United States bombed the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade, the two sides of human rights, economic, and the Taiwan issue differences, alleged Chinese spies stealing U.S. nuclear secrets, and the Sino-US plane collision incident in Hainan), the Chinese media always assumed enemy of the United States for true and false. Meanwhile, the relative national sentiment (actually co-produced) is eager to enhance its international status of China, which desperately publicity from the media, peddling nationalism focus on the Most of nationalism as defined by the state power, so different identity. And due to civil nationalism is spontaneous, and too difficult to get excited when, or even Tartar cutting compromises the official foreign policy too, so the authorities attempted to limit it to the established track, so as to avoid runaway threaten other policy interests. This national sentiment may also be turned guns, internal targeting the regime of corruption. Internet chat room in the private sector, many people criticized the Prime Minister Zhu Rongji as Within the state power, propaganda department and the armed forces of the United States took a tough stance, but the Foreign Affairs and Trade agencies claim repaired. History, and the internal weakness of xenophobia is always related to a large number of unemployed people in China and bureaucratic corruption rampant, if handled improperly, there is no guarantee does not trigger political crisis. China and even the world, has been love-hate attitude toward the United States. Democratic progress within the United States may be external but arrogance, its own way, even Grand Theft Auto's. Why China from the 80's I think that set the Cold War and the Tiananmen incident in a conflict situation of Sino-US relations, China has become a stumbling block to the US-led new world order, human rights in China has become the focus of political and mass media. Peking University scholar Dai Jinhua Yu Zhongguo shaped the United States in the 80's desire to love, to the 90's out of favor and become sad because 3. If you compare her stretch, to say 80 years China is one of the objects pursued by the United States, but China seems to the United States as the only lover, once the pain of lost love is more huge, sudden change in the United States from an angel into the devil. Both internal and external explanation can be said for opposite and complementary. 90 years during the manufacture of the media for the return of Hong Kong wonders of nationalism, and thus gain a huge market profits. Promote Hong Kong's return again and again the media is a victory of nationalism, not only a symbol of the Chinese Communist Party defeated the Western imperialism, is also a sign that Taiwan will in Deng Xiaoping's The nature of some of the narrative and, apparently oblivious to Mao Zedong in the 50's blockade against the West deliberately left the colony of Hong Kong, even at the cost and the world after World War II the trend runs counter to the national self-determination. Singing the national independence of the socialist motherland, but tolerate corruption at the gates of colonial capitalism, 70 junior high school had become hostile to the Soviet Union in Moscow was so ridiculed. Media in China has never recognized the results British rule in Hong Kong, Hong Kong and Taiwan also did not answer the concerns of one country, 4. in the collision incident, even the official Xinhua News Agency and the play policy of But the tone of nationalist ideology of the party tools not only to sing, more importantly, the country's nationalism as the dramatic events into the public consciousness. China's more affluent, more self-centered, the more apathetic to the political, but also more vulnerable to narrow nationalism and anti-American discourse so. Peddling populist nationalism safe and profitable, market-driven media and tabloids rushed to the top of the natural, make sensational nationalist discourse. From the mid-90s, appeared as They are anti-freedom, anti-democratic, narrow-minded and arrogant attitude, categorically anti-Western, lack of rational analysis, emotional more than 5. each with outside forces (particularly the U.S. and Taiwan), confrontation, conflict and crisis , will be used to take the opportunity to make the Chinese media, national sentiment of the goods. Imagine if the Fortunately, this kind of news is not way out, seem to feel entitled to sensational, do not care the political consequences. Chinese Academy of Sciences published in weekly > The article. face the nation: the Olympic Games after 15 years when China's WTO accession negotiations, it is free to speak, but not ecstasy. July 13, 2001 announced that China's bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games, President Jiang Zemin presided over televised live, but the whole nation ecstatic. Entry to the WTO bound profound political and economic changes, the Olympic and innocuous daily life of ordinary people, the media rendered these two things for the Chinese symbol of the rise on the world stage. Olympics to China, 2,500 ten thousand U.S. dollars China has spent an international public relations firm hired packaging application materials are expected to spend 25 billion U.S. dollars Qiangzai preparation for the 2008 Olympics. Affluent cities (especially Beijing) in the America does not like 1993 as opposed to China's application on the grounds that it wants the Olympics to promote China's democratic reforms. A U.S. commentator sneered: , sports a Focus on the center of the ceremony, interpretation. Can imagine, the Chinese hope to use the television spectacle, let the world see China's China will at all costs, develop a strong team entry into the world. as an Olympic warm-up, the Chinese national soccer team for the first time into the 2002 World Cup finals. The news squeezed out of Afghanistan the United States declared war on the news, as the newspaper headlines, and the accession to the WTO, with the bid out of three events. As Bohlen Baum (JudyPolumbaum) said the Olympic Games from the preparation, staged to the aftermath, contains Olympic stage is a focus, through the advanced electronic technology to communicate in different regions and countries, human, material, resources, images and information. In the local sense, Beijing from Shanghai snatch advantage; in the national sense, China to enhance self-awareness, enhance its capacity projected to the world; in the international sense, is a symbol of China's global power relations in the upward climb. Bohlen Baum believes that the Beijing authorities will use the media to promote, as the Olympic Games to be injected into a large number of finance and technology, it will promote the pace of China's modernization. Of course, it also false picture of peace, avoid talking about growing inequality in Chinese society and class differentiation. In addition, the Chinese hope the Olympics will also expand international trade, tourism, labor export and capital flows, but this is a double-edged sword, both to accelerate China's integration into the world system, but also require it to comply with global rules of the game. Second, enter the WTO: winners and losers supporters of globalization, there are opponents. Nobel economics laureate Sen (AmartyaSen) said: Sound is also part of globalization, but their concerns must be taken seriously. Globalization is not balanced, selective development. Some countries have benefited, others are not. Bourdieu (PierreBourdieu) against the benefiting and harming others 9. Amsden (AliceAmsden) said that although the WTO should be fair competition, but a few rich countries control international organizations and global markets, using loopholes in trade barriers, modifications to the rules would not impose the poor head , blocking them into the world trading system development 10. particularly keen to Chinese officials on the WTO. Previously concerned about the fairness of globalization, the WTO concern the negative impact of the domestic economy, and now they are not a problem though. World Bank research shows that about 20 billion people on earth (including African and Muslim countries) less and less global, and another 30 million people (including China, Argentina, Brazil, India and the Philippines) is TheEconomist) calls In the process of accession to the WTO, China's official media tone down repeatedly promote accession to the WTO will give China a big basket to bring the benefits of, and difficulties are temporary and can be overcome, or even of the plight of opportunities. The Chinese media described as the winner of the globalization process, the WTO is a The voice of government repression against the WTO, and the media mouthpiece for the policies used to sing carols. Complacency on the surface of China, in fact, tight end house, which Zhu Rongji's report on the National People's Congress revealed. After it became clear that China's WTO accession, the media began to analyze opportunities and challenges, but the tone is still emphasized more good than harm. even if China obtained from the WTO should be the interest, but which groups China, industry, and class are the winners and which will pay the price? Describe the global pattern of the media in China, always use the advancement about and abstract words. Domestic development is actually quite unbalanced, mainly the beneficiaries of WTO entry is on the rise in the consumer market, the urban middle class, services, and foreign-funded enterprises, and farmers and workers will be excluded, but the media as Zhao has built a so-called referendum on sticks by paradise China is now the Market deregulation, the government shirking its responsibility, not for the poor and vulnerable groups in employment, education and health care safety net. If the market is an in the semi-casino capitalism, the CCP turned its back on traditional supporters (ie, urban workers and farmers), the difference advantage of the city, according to Japanese business and professional classes to move closer. CASS survey shows that workers and peasants, have dropped to the lowest level of the new class structure 12. Chinese farmers account for about 70% of the population and 50% of the workforce, their incomes sharply reduced since 1997. Worse yet to come: official estimates, seven years after accession, there will be 1,000 million farmers lose their jobs. Workers, the 1996 to 2001, the state-owned enterprises lay off 3,500 people, the government-controlled collective enterprises, Intellectuals and students has always been most satisfied with the Government, workers and farmers are now worse than, thousands of times every year, protests, strikes and protests, the reasons for non-payment from the unit or government subsidies, bureaucratic corruption, the risk is that the work Yes. in the Marxism that the hegemony of the ruling class ideologies through a special class of tools will be summarized as the interests of the general interest. Even the On the TV screen, the worker-peasant figure less and less, the sound more and more weak. CCTV thousands of telephone and letter of thanks, said farmers have not heard for too long a concern. Chinese intellectuals and journalists have always With elite complex, do not trust the people's political power, and even hostile to the workers and peasants. Regardless of the party's official newspaper, or market-oriented newspapers, and the suppression they blame special goes for the weak, and he asked the workers and peasants dry the tears of useless, enrich the skills, to accept the challenge of accession to the WTO. For their anti-WTO demonstrations in Seattle, only downplayed. Third, the domestic media group vs. The international capital? Cold War, the power to lift economic regulation, rapid development of capitalism, globalization of the media group to follow. The international media group in China has long been a fancy, hoping to seize the opportunity of the WTO, China is satisfied that the orbit of global capitalism, it These media empires through horizontal and vertical mergers, to include all forms of media, from film, radio, television, cable television, sports programming, music, home theater, publishing, magazines, all the way to multi-media 13. The United States is the world's largest media market, generally divided into three pieces: the largest AOL Time Warner (AOLTimeWarner), Disney (Disney) and one third of Viacom; four nominally Bertelsmann), News Corp. (NewsCorporation) and Sony (Sony), one third; the rest of the United States together accounted for 40% of the media 14. The news media as a giant tyrant to another industrial product, and the news far less than the profit and entertainment. More and more serious news programs and trivial McDonaldization, information entertainment, full of gossip and scandal, trying to meet consumers instant sensory pleasure. Competition in both the media group cooperation, and opened a subsidiary, profit sharing, co-production products, and exchange of local media, property rights and so forth. media, media globalization put it bluntly, American. The United States is the only truly cross-media global exporter, the United Kingdom only in the field of information have global impact, other Western European countries (France, Germany, Italy and Spain), not to mention the 15. Motion Picture Association of America organized the China Trade Relations Committee , with media giants lobbied Congress to China trade bill passed, not by chance. During the 90's media group in the United States government support, the use of political tactics, trying desperately to open up the Chinese market, but they Quedui foreign countries (including China) are not interested in the news more and more. McChesney (RobertMcChesney) wrote a book called the pace of the Chinese market. China recently allowed to enter Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China Entertainment Television, a cable television programs in Mandarin. In return, China Entertainment Television ─ ─ parent company AOL Time Warner, agreed in their respective New York, Houston and Los Angeles cable TV station broadcast on China Central Television's English programs. S CNN to enter the Chinese market, is making preparations for the Hong Kong Centre. Disney is also building a theme park in Hong Kong, as the door leading to the Chinese market. Bertelsmann book club in Shanghai to expand. Murdoch (RupertMurdoch) to curry favor with the Chinese authorities have time, his Hong Kong Phoenix Satellite TV (with Chinese-funded cooperation) in 1998 has covered 4,400 million television households, representing about 16%, and attract a large Coca-Cola and Motorola advertisers. In addition, China has approved thirty foreign TV channels in Guangdong, Guangdong has become a testing ground for the country. Foreign channels will be focused to a Chinese satellite to broadcast, they can not provide sexual and violent content ─ ─ course, not news. It was wishful thinking that the multinational media companies spread of democratic values in China. Definitely not. Multinational corporations in China in order to reduce costs, often limit labor rights, media companies are also expected to China's response is The mid-90s, China approved the establishment of the first Before this, China has been criticized Western media to the rule of the bourgeoisie manipulated group. The new rhetoric is to present to the media group economies of scale, so that after WTO entry and foreign investment in a longer short. China now has 26 newspaper groups, eight radio and television groups, six publishing groups, four distribution groups and three film groups. In the future, policy will continue the road towards media consolidation. Established in 2000 China Radio and TV Film Group, the national resources, and together, cover the film, broadcasting, cable television to the Internet, everything. profits by the Chinese media, the protection of national privilege, not by free market competition. If that rely on economies of scale to compete with international capital, then the question is whether sampans compiled an aircraft carrier. China's largest To make matters worse, the Chinese media groups are under the administrative instructions and the will of the product, resulting in waste, inefficiency, duplication and cost. Their non-media fields (such as real estate or the supermarket) investment is more haphazard. China Radio & TV Film Group seem huge, in fact, internal strife and bureaucratic friction. Just move the agency official, did not change control mechanism. four, First, the telecommunications, finance and insurance will bear the brunt 18. Their long-term benefit from the monopoly of state policy, low-quality service, but get all profits. 90 years, the telecom industry's profit up 33% a year, and a third the industry average profit is only 24.6%. Second, the affected advertising, film, publishing, tourism and information services, market potential of these industries, the profit is low (8 -19%). The third ring is the media and TV market,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], will remain closed doors. for accession to the WTO, the Chinese part of the concessions, commitments to gradually open to the media and communications markets. China must develop specific standards and regulations of WTO provisions, will be generated much controversy. China's accession to the WTO within the first five years how to deal with external challenges, will affect the long-term policy. Officials hope to use new media technology to develop the economy, but also protect and preserve the ideology. Crown Media divided into hardware and software. In the information infrastructure, terms of service and technology knowledge, to welcome foreign investment. The seemingly Foreign investors may be betting on media advertising and management. But China will not give up editorial control anyway. news and TV is the propaganda mouthpiece of the party-state is the last bastion of profits earned will be exempt from foreign competition. During the 90's, the media's advertising revenue growth of 200%, with an average of 35% per year in 2001 amounted to 100 million. Morgan Stanley (MorganStanley) estimates that investment in China about eight years the media can return to the ─ ─ than medicine, energy, banking and construction much faster return on 19. Although the cross-media giant eyeing Pa, waiting to grab China's TV market , but hold on hold party-state. China Central Television will maintain a leading position in the 2008 Olympic Games to dig a big advertising coffers. Yu Guoming forecast, the growth of the Chinese media, advertising revenue is still space, but different groups will raise the cost of competition, so that by the annual growth rate of 35% to 10-15% 20. China's film industry free competition will be the victims of globalization. Government in 1995 agreed to import ten Hollywood blockbusters each year, when the film production industry and movie creators are hoping to bring more open large areas of the creative atmosphere. However, the arrival of Hollywood films and Chinese films just the rapid decline of simultaneous 21. China's accession to the WTO, imports of ten Hollywood movies will be added to the twenty year, and finally up to fifty. Foreign capital was allowed to be built in China and has a cinema. Hollywood is estimated that China entered the WTO five years, the film at the box office will reach 10 to 5,000,000,000 U.S. dollars, will grow 15% annually 22. In fact, the number of imported films is not important, because most Chinese people would not go to cinemas to see Hollywood large, it will only buy pirated VCD and DVD ─ ─ shown these large just in the United States, China's streets and alleys, some people selling the cheap. Short term, piracy damages the interests of 好莱坞片商, but Dai Jinhua that in the long run, pirated feeding several generations the cultural tastes of Chinese audiences 23. forefront of China's war on the Internet and telecommunications markets. Although the media controlled by the Central Propaganda Department, the field of telecommunications is mainly economic and financial sector management. Telecom diverse than the media, marketing and globalization. China come from behind, you can skip directly to the outdated technology. U.S. Department of Commerce regards China as the world's second largest telecom market in the next few years could surpass the U.S. to become the first 24. Statistics show that from 1991 to 1999, China increased 375% postal services in 1999 reached 2.4 billion U.S. dollars, the same period 2,050% more growth in the telecommunications industry the year 1999 reached 37.6 billion U.S. dollars of China Telecom. 90 years, the government actively encourages foreign investment in telecommunications equipment, input technology, has monopolized the highly profitable telecommunications services. Telecommunications and Internet market has great growth, foreign competitors will struggle with the government's monopoly. great potential for the Chinese market, the telecommunications infrastructure is still lagging behind. In 2000, only 1.4% of households connected to the Internet, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Qingdao to cover half of the 25. China wants to adjust the control to enhance the competitiveness of domestic competition. Only seven in 2000 to publish regulations on the Internet, reiterating the government's authority, has repeatedly warned that the Internet can not distribute illegal (ie, criticism of the government) information or connect to a foreign Web site. Government and business pages deliberate occupation and partition the network space, the end of 1999, about 1,000 newspapers and 200 radio and television setting up websites, but only the central, provincial and ministerial media news release is available online 26. Internet same as the printed version of the newspaper, under the strict control of the real space for very little public discourse. multinational media conglomerates try the local telecommunications network in China joint venture, or entered into a commercial contract, but not necessarily with the WTO and to speed up the pace. Government regulations only allowed a certain company's business capital and professionals, most of the party and government business relations were good, natural support for restrictive policies. How will the new policy in accordance with the WTO agreement, regulate foreign investment in telecommunications, joint ventures and stock, is not yet known. Technological development will continue to pressure China, the total will go to market opening and price reform. five, discourse, technology and ideology Chinese authorities refused to foreign and private capital to control the media. But the media management by the impact of technological development, especially the Internet, and satellite is bound to weaken the power of the official control of information flow. No inter-provincial newspapers issued now, it is difficult to limit the new media specific geographic range. China's accession to the WTO, the media market in the country and between countries and between the increasingly important role worldwide. McCormick (BarrettMcCormick) and Liu Qing Q: Chinese media technology and the ideology of globalization and business culture in general? They believe that the Internet as a medium to create free space, the transfer of some of the content of official awareness of the subversive potential, imports of business culture may also promote self-awareness of individuals and businesses. Here, let me add a few points. First of all, the official keen to apply new technology business, but want to control the political influence of science and technology; global media giant tyrants want to make money in China, not against the government wishes, it should not overestimate their role in promoting democratization . Second, communication and telecommunication networks in China will continue to increase the socio-economic development gap, we should not overestimate the disruptive new media, but certainly more accessible urban elite commercial and academic information. Third, telecommunications promote business culture, but how they cooperate with the authorities against, it is worth close attention. Fourth, the intellectuals newsletters (including online magazine, BBS forums, digital archives of academic information) both unofficial, not commercial orientation, they are liberal, old leftists and new leftists of the main field of ideological struggle. The old site was shut down, new? Squid colonization resistance  frame R vermiculite home play apricot       mantle for the first time Wei Jing-dong squatting cooked playing     European allies charm back to the tomb of Di D? / P> new technology and globalization on Chinese journalists and the public have any effect? This is a difficult question, and very few conclusive empirical research. Thompson (JohnB.Thompson) media products made of political economy only to see the mainstream culture of the production process and distribution structure, but failed to heed the words of the group explained the significance of their results may exaggerate the Conversely, if only in terms of the audience how to interpret the import of micro-media text, and ignore the global macro-control and attachment structure, are also likely to arbitrarily deny the ideological meaning. Question is not whether cultural imperialism, but rather what this imperialist hegemony produce results. Macro-history and must take into account the specific social context, expand the discussion of the dialectical 28. to the Chinese media market have brought a mixture of ideology, full of contradictions of identity, identity, image and subjectivity. Media has become the ideology of competition and the significance of the reconstruction field, both communist revolutionary discourse, but also market-oriented and practical discourse. By Williams (RaymondWilliams) of the language, this is the mainstream consciousness structure (dominantstructure, stressed that the revolutionary vanguard of the communist propaganda), the remaining structure of consciousness (residualstructure, the traditional Confucian scholar-officials stressed the moral responsibility) and the emerging structure of consciousness (emergingstructure, that is in line with market logic of media professionalism) of the struggle and reconciliation 29. Pan Zhong Lu Ye, by the party and the French sociologist Scioto (MicheldeCerteau) the concept that the Chinese journalists in their daily News In practice, the selective use of different discourse resources and skills to avoid, absorb and resist the powers of government control, it is different Reporter with the official rhetoric to justify what they want, such as (1) with stereotyped Party launched a project to demonstrate the media; (2) to give the outdated propaganda line (mass line) to new ideas, and integration into the market and Professionalism the logic of profit (such as market research), and (3) along the political climate speech. Apart from the negative to double face, from the party-state is also actively looking for the market based on moral principles. However, these strategies depends strain, is very unstable, is the Must be pointed out that the strategy of guerrilla warfare and flexible can really win a small victory, but these strategies can be institutionalized to counter the domination of consciousness? I think, they will likely be absorbed by the mainstream structure, weaken, or even beat, so the audience exaggerated to the neglect of the main structure of the control I'm afraid I saw wood for the trees; those small victories tend to be short, narcissism and escape, does not change, resist or subvert the deep disposal. 80 years, reformers want to re-interpretation of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought highlights the diversity of ideologies and separatist official ideology increasingly fragile 31. In fact, party-state structure is still solid, the media only flies but not tigers, but also not 80, as advocated political reform. Even in the United States, the populist cultural doctrine and also post-modernist criticism, Gitlin (ToddGitlin) that these people instead of using the political system of the cultural fantasy of a strong social movement, nothing less than to cover up their own political incompetence 32. He said in a paper boat, the Chinese state media has brainwashed tool of transition as doctrine of the mask, containing the body of capitalism. I know that many Chinese journalists that this description of the point. He described the boat, and bureaucratic capitalism in the global conflict, the media in five strategies to reduce the ideological discord, including: (1) re-tuning; (2) the ideological split; (3) desalination uncoordinated sound; (4) contractual harmony; (5) to seek state protection. Next, we should ask: how media organizations and journalists, Economic liberalization, market competition and how to shape the global penetration of the media environment, discourse and ideology? Gramsci (AntonioGramsci) analysis point of view, that is, hegemony and counter hegemony to explain the dynamic process of struggle, would Foucaultian discourse analysis provides a more dialectical side of 34. six countries ─ Global China ties in the go? Chinese intellectuals debate in the media what the mainland Chinese. Old leftists, liberals and the New Left (plus 80 years of reformist) constitute China's current ideological spectrum. These debates almost completely out of touch with social movements, but still could clarify some policy-oriented issues. old left dogma inherited Mao Zedong, and Deng Liqun, led by Hu Qiaomu. Liquidation of their party in the late 80's reformist, but not expected immediately lost power in the 90's. The attack sent the WTO for the U.S. hegemony and the restoration of capitalism in China, to Russia, Eastern Europe, Brazil and West Africa's instability attributed to global domination 35. Old Left often mentioned to Jiang manifesto, sharply questioned the current policy deviate from the route of Mao Zedong. They do not believe that China no alternative except to join the WTO, China's accession to the WTO do not believe that more good than harm. Old left in the memory of the Cultural Revolution of the proletariat, the internet fashion: equality (though with Jiang Zemin in July 1, 2001 announced the founding anniversary of the capitalists eighty can join the party, former Old left immediately for a new round of attacks, accused Jiang betrayal of Marxism, betrayed the Communist Party. If the gap continues to widen between rich and poor, old leftists may be reincarnated, the majority of support. troubled Liberal pluralism in China. Liberalism has been banned, and later revived in the 90s. They oppose the authoritarian rule, support the free market, but on this issue in China's WTO accession, has become the allies. Liu Junning that globalization is Liberals believe that globalization will bring democracy and prosperity in China, the Berlin Wall and the former Soviet Union is collapsing under the forces of globalization. They believe that the WTO and globalization, the introduction of legal mechanisms for China to improve transparency in the management, expansion of economic reform. This said, coincides with the U.S. policy toward China. They strongly opposed to nationalism, that it prepared for the political dictatorship of moral and cultural foundations 37. In dealing with the Old Left and New Left attacks, liberals claim that the real cause of corruption in China is authoritarian, not the market and globalization 38 . Zhu Xueqin pointed out that China is to economic freedom and private property is the prerequisite for 40. liberal camp, there is no longer a class of the old superstitions of Mao Zedong militant extremism (such as Li Shenzhi), and the other is the belief that the reform of Western democracy School intellectuals. The strange thing is, liberals on the subject of such a fair and market dominance largely silent on the tragic story of farmers and workers rarely speak. They think that freedom than equality, equality of opportunity than equality of results. They believe the democratic potential of globalization, but I do not know how they explain Singapore's counter-examples (global capitalist countries, the implementation of authoritarian rule, it is the envy of the Chinese authorities) and Argentina's collapse. International industrial capital in China's record may not be too democratic. Xu Youyu stressed that China wants to succeed in a globalized environment, complete 80 years of Marxist reformist rise and fall with the reform of the bureaucracy, who were more in the party-state propaganda and ideological sectors Weijuyaojin. Reflections on the Cultural Revolution, so that they are committed to re-interpretation of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, and then find that their Hu Yaobang and Zhao Ziyang their support for political reform, until the date the liquidation of the Tiananmen protests. Reform of the speech, including Su Shaozhi of socialist democracy, Wang Ruoshui Marxist alienation, and Hu Jiwei of the party newspaper both harmonic music theme party-state media, including newspapers, non-profit private note 43.1989 reformist or years after the expulsion or marginalization; after 1992, swept the Chinese business culture, to embrace global capitalism, they have been out of this debate . In the remaining sound, the Sun Xupei closer to the liberals of the 44. 90 years, the state led the brutal consequences of the market economy gradually emerged, which made the new left excited and timely comment. They attacked the 80's and 90's liberal reformers are complex aristocratic elite, too conservative. New Left (they call themselves Many members of the New Left teaching in overseas universities, or in the country as a cultural positions. They attack the spread of global capitalism in China, manufacturing, consumer culture and the market frenzy, out of tune with the grass-roots democracy. Gan Yang condemned the liberal praise of the Liberals advocate movement He further criticized the neo-liberal in the past two decades to promote the The interest groups through the WTO, in line with the state capital and transnational capital, reshape China's social and market territory. Liberals hit back at criticism of the New Left do not want to despotism. Wang Hui, thoughtful discourse, but a pole down Zhang Xudong, called for the establishment of new socialist democracy than bourgeois system more democratic, more free, more equal, to take care of the interests of all the people 48. He wants to rekindle the utopian imagination, to construct a new discussion , that is Similarly, Cui Zhiyuan Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution proposal from a political trial, one-sided pick out something to carry out China's system of innovation 50. Mao Zedong Thought in the end is the origin of authoritarianism, or a New Left seems to abstract the Maoist peel, ignore those practical, specific terror, hunger and bloodshed such as a living historical experience (livedexperience), and then imagine a radical romantic but lack practical significance of the political system. As Weber (MaxWeber) in the name of the article said, not only about the political ethics of intentions, but the practical consequences responses 51. Road to hell may be paved with a noble intention. The devil is always stored in the detail: specific proposals until the new left, or they at best utopian imagination. radical in the introduction of Western Marxism, the New Left might have made Whitehead (AlfredNorthWhitehead) calls How to dominate the global capital of China's economy? China's accession to the WTO how to embed the structure of global capitalism? Democracy.

john3859

Make A Signature Fashion Statement With Strapless Dress
Day by day increasing demand for strapless dresses has made them the hit of the season. Stunningly beautiful strapless dresses have become the fetish fashion. Fashion designers stampede towards the straps proves their exclusivity.
Beautifully fashioned strapless dresses are flattering to all figures, the topmost reason for dominating the world of dresses. Other lineaments, which have made this shoulder baring style an apple of everybody's eye [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], are that they earmark lots of movement to the body and fits well with all styles. This proves their versatility also. Also rapidly becoming the choice of many brides too [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], as they maintain a perfect ratio between sophistication and elegance, also adds a hint of sexiness and sensuality, which makes it a complete ensemble for wedding.
Not only wedding, this form fitting dress that will dazzle your figure is ideal for all occasions. An ultra flattering silhouette of strapless dress in versatile styles and colors add certain sophistication and is a great choice for those having nice arms and shoulders. For summers this is a best option as plenty of room left by these dresses keeps you cool as well as provides a stylish look. Just make sure that you are comfortable in wearing them, because at first it can be a little tricky to wear them. This sexy attire gives a fantastic feel and are adjustable to fit most sizes.
Many women, instead of the fact that they look good on all sizes, consider strapless dresses risky. Keeping that thing in mind, below are given some tips with a ray of hope that it will reduce your wear.
Fit should be proper
Proper fit is the foremost thing that needs to be given a careful thought. No dress can enhance your figure unless it has a proper fit. Constantly tugging to keep it in its place takes the entire show of the dress. Before purchasing a strapless dress try every possible position. Like raising arms, bending over, moving your body, walk around etc. It gives a proper idea about the comfort ability of the dress. The dress should have a perfect grip over the bust, should be high enough to not reveal an inappropriate amount of cleavage [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], should not be too tight that it cuts your skin and should not be too tight around the hips and thighs that it makes it uncomfortable to walk.
Be comfortable
Having a proper fit and being comfortable are both different things. It's not necessary that always both are directly proportional to each other. If you are not comfortable in showing your skin then proper fit of the dress also cannot do anything. Confidence is must in wearing a dress. So if you have finally decided for the dress, be confident and comfortable in it. If you're going to feel self-conscious wearing it, better go for the one with sleeves.
Choose the right bra
Your bra should have a decent fit if you are going to wear strapless dress. There are many kinds of strapless bras. You cannot wear regular bras as they have a risk of slipping. Long line strapless bras with smooth cups are perfect. This bra extends till the waist portion and is very structured to prevent from slippage. You can also pin the bra to the inside of your dress to keep it in its place. Avoid lace or other embellishments as it may give you a crumpled look.
Accessories should be simple
Your bare shoulders are the main accessories, as all eyes are going to focus on them. So simple accessories are best with strapless dress. Adorn your decollete with simple elegant necklace. It is enough to create a dashing look. Real show of these dresses comes with heels. Slingbacks are an excellent choice to accentuate a strapless dress.
Wear It to the Office
Now strapless dress is not confined as an eveningwear. You can get double duty out of your strapless dress by making it wearable for daywear also, for example [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], office. Blazer or cardigan above a dress attains an appropriate office look. It also adds a touch of style.
These all points will surely wash away your fear of wearing strapless dresses. This style is as much elegant, as it look overly showy and out of place if not worn properly. To sharpen the beauty of this timeless outfit give much emphasis on its silhouette, construction, texture, hemline, etc.
The statement 鈥楩ashion is about versatility, fun and risk' fits perfect with strapless dresses.
Pam Cartney is a Fashion designer, author and the co-author of [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] Pam Cartney combines her extensive knowledge of the fashion industry with her passion for designing Gowns of various types like Designer Wedding dress, Formal Ball dresses, Prom Ball dresses,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],New Party Dress,evening dresses, Vintage Ball Gowns, Spring gowns and many more.
key：

[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]