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The ECU Re-flash Another Type of Power-UP Solution
An Engine Control Unit (ECU) is a program within a vehicle that reads things such as the output from the O2 and CO2 sensors and the engine RPM. The ECU controls several functions within an internal combustion engine,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], including the engine's air/fuel ratio, idle speed, and ignition timing. Typically, many cars' ECUs are programmed with an Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Chip (EEPROM). If the engine loses electrical power,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the chip does not lose its programming. An ECU re-flash is a method of electronically erasing the EEPROM and replacing it with a new engine control map. When you do a re-flash, results include more horsepower and altered valve timing. A disadvantage of an ECU Re-Flash is when you perform a re-flash, there is no turning back. This is a permanent procedure and can only be removed through software. The software is usually only available where the first map was uploaded. In order to have your ECU re-flashed, you need to remove your ECU from your vehicle, and send it to the company. Many times this will take 3 or 4 days that you will be without a car. The prices for shipping your ECU are not included in the re-flash cost. This, results in both extra time and money spent. If you are like most people, you depend on your manufacturer's and dealer's warranty in-case any problems arise. With a re-flash, if you ever need your ECU checked, the dealer or manufacturer will be able to notice you have modified the unit and any drive-train or engine warranty you have could be canceled. There is no way to hide it either; it shows up on the computer diagnostics. (The Chip It Module is a simple plug in, unplug it and your back to standard condition-keep your warranty!) Cost's for a re-flash are upwards of $1,000,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and then on top of that, many companies also charge for the "after sales support". Compare these prices to the Chip It modules, starting as low as $525, which includes all after sales support fees.
The Court of Appeal pointed out that R and F's submission in the county court was of overt, conscious racism, and it was not prepared to find that there had been unconscious discrimination.The decisionThe Court of Appeal said that, unlike the ordinary civil claim where the judge decides, on the claimant's evidence only, whether the claimant has made out a case, in this case the judge had had the benefit of the whole of the evidence. Despite the school's failure to comply with the statutory requirements, the judge had been entitled to find on the basis of all the evidence that R and F had not proved racial discrimination.

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